Substandard surgical tools from Pakistan are putting UK patients at risk of potentially deadly injury and infection, BBC Panorama has found.
Faults include rough edges, steel burrs that can splinter during operations and corroded metals.
All surgical instruments have to meet regulatory standards but only one of the more than 180 NHS trusts and boards conducts rigorous tests on every tool.
Barts and the London NHS Trust reject almost 20% of tools as unsafe for use.
Tom Brophy, the dedicated technologist at Barts, said the prevalence of faulty equipment that could endanger patients' lives or cause serious injuries is so worrying that he has started documenting the faults.
While he is able to return unsuitable or faulty tools to suppliers, he said there is nothing to stop those same instruments from being sold on to another UK hospital, either within the NHS or private.
"On more than one occasion a supplier has rung me up and said that the instrument you rejected, I passed it onto another hospital and they accepted it," he said. "Of course they're going to accept it, because they haven't checked it."
While most hospitals carry out some degree of visual checks on instruments, only Barts employs a dedicated technologist.
Poor quality surgical implements have been identified as a likely cause of MRSA infections because shards of steel have caused microscopic holes in surgical gloves.
Badly made instruments that have unwanted grooves or trenches can trap body tissue and fluids - another possible source of infection.
All of the 916 companies making or supplying surgical instruments in the UK must be registered with the Medicines and Health Care Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), but responsibility for quality rests with suppliers and manufacturers.
Neither the NHS or the MHRA requires suppliers to inspect manufacturers.
In a statement, the MHRA said "it has no evidence that non-compliant instruments are being supplied to the NHS", but added that if there were such evidence, it had "a range of powers and sanctions available to deal with the problem".
In addition to rejecting poor quality equipment that is sold to Barts, Mr Brophy said he has been sent used equipment - with traces of blood still on the instruments - being passed off as new.
Two-thirds of the world's surgical instruments are make in the city of Sialkot in northern Pakistan and 70% of the UK's registered manufacturers are based in the city.
While some of t
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